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    Glossary Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

    block proteins that prevent immune cells from attacking cancer

    Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) are a type of cancer treatment that work by blocking proteins used by cancer cells to evade the immune system. By inhibiting these checkpoints, such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, ICIs enable the immune system to better recognize and attack cancer cells.

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    1. Immune-related alopecia (areata and universalis) in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors 2016 · 87 citations
    2. Cutaneous manifestations associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors Frontiers in immunology · 2023 · 14 citations
    3. [Translated article] Characteristics, Management, and Prognostic Implications of Adverse Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas · 2022 · 6 citations
    4. Immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related alopecia: Insight into the pathophysiology utilizing non‐invasive diagnostic techniques Journal of dermatology · 2019 · 6 citations
    5. Alopecia areata as an immune-related adverse event associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors European Journal of Dermatology · 2022 · 3 citations
    6. Risk of Autoimmune Skin Diseases Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis Using the FAERS Database Dermatologic Therapy · 2025 · 1 citations
    7. An In Situ Chemotherapy Drug Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Chemoimmunotherapy Nanomaterials · 2023 · 1 citations
    8. Skin toxicity induced by chemotherapy or molecular targeted therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in Asian patients: A literature review by the Japanese Pharmacist-led Oncodermatology Study Team International Journal of Clinical Oncology · 2026
    9. Alopecia due to chemotherapeutics, hedgehog inhibitors, targeted antibody therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors Deleted Journal · 2024
    10. IMMUNE-RELATED SKIN TOXICITIES TO CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS THERAPY Голова и шея. · 2022
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