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concentration needed to inhibit a biological process by 50%

IC50, or Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration, is a measure used in pharmacology to indicate how much of a substance (like a drug or inhibitor) is needed to inhibit a biological process or the activity of a target (such as an enzyme or cell receptor) by 50%. This value helps researchers understand the potency of a compound, with a lower IC50 indicating a more potent inhibitor.