August 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” This study identified novel mitochondrial DNA variations in PCOS patients from Pakistan, which may serve as genetic predisposition markers, highlighting especially the potential pathogenicity of frameshift mutations in the MT-ND2 gene.
38 citations
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September 2019 in “Chinese Medical Journal” This review discusses the cardiovascular risks associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid use and reports that, despite known toxic effects, further research is needed to clarify the causality of these risks.
June 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study found that anabolic steroid use combined with plakoglobin deficiency caused pathological atrial electrical remodeling in young male mice, suggesting a higher risk of atrial myopathy for males with desmosomal gene variants.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine” This review examines AAS-related deaths and finds that anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse may lead to severe cardiac abnormalities, contributing to fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in young athletes and bodybuilders.
This case study describes a 31-year-old man with myotonia and a history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and androgenic alopecia, who presented with arm and leg weakness.