21 citations
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November 2020 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study found that low massage frequencies like 4.2 Hz enhance nanoparticle penetration into hair follicles more effectively than higher frequencies, indicating potential applications in therapeutic and cosmetic delivery.
15 citations
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October 2020 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This study reported that combining microdialysis and selective follicular closure with varnish significantly reduces caffeine penetration through hair follicles in an ex vivo porcine ear skin model.
29 citations
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November 2015 in “Acta Biomaterialia” This study found that water-filtered infrared A radiation can induce the release of a model drug from gold nanoparticle-doped particles in hair follicles in an ex vivo porcine skin model, suggesting feasibility for follicular drug delivery systems.
7 citations
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October 2024 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” In this study, using an ex vivo porcine skin model, researchers found that a 4% nanoparticle concentration significantly enhanced the transport of fluorescein sodium into hair follicles compared to a 2% concentration, while higher concentrations did not further increase penetration depth.
62 citations
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November 2016 in “Nanoscale” In this study, researchers developed thermoresponsive nanogels that effectively penetrate hair follicles and release a model drug when triggered by temperature, demonstrating greater penetration for medium to large nanogels (300–500 nm) compared to smaller ones.