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This study constructed a comprehensive atlas of prenatal human skin, revealing that innate immune cells, such as macrophages, play a crucial role in skin morphogenesis by interacting with non-immune cells, influencing hair follicle formation and angiogenesis beyond their traditional immune functions.

This review discusses the roles of distinct immune cell types in skin wound healing, highlighting findings from animal studies, but provides no new clinical results.

This study suggests that allogenic human mesenchymal stem cell treatments have potential therapeutic effects by inducing immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory effects in severe alopecia areata patients.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata, particularly those with severe cases, exhibit significant systemic immune dysregulation, including altered cell communication networks and epigenetic remodeling in immune cells, suggesting potential pathways for therapeutic targeting.

This study suggests that cultured hair follicle dermal sheath cup cells exhibit immune privilege properties, partly through the expression of PD-L1, which impacts co-cultured immune cells' behavior.