May 2024 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study found that while caffeine and adenosine can inhibit hair loss and stimulate hair growth, more research is needed to fully understand the efficacy of shampoo formulations containing specific proportions of these compounds for hair loss treatment and prevention.
November 2025 in “Cosmetics” This study found that of the many ingredients advertised in shampoos as effective against hair loss, only caffeine, adenosine, placental proteins, and melatonin have limited clinical evidence supporting their efficacy, with most claimed active ingredients lacking any trial-based validation.
This study found that while many shampoo ingredients are marketed as effective against hair loss, only caffeine, adenosine, placental proteins, and melatonin have moderate clinical evidence for efficacy, and a majority of other claimed active ingredients lack clinical trial verification.
August 2025 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” This review article examines current drugs for androgenetic alopecia, focusing on their mechanisms and clinical efficacy, noting that while finasteride and minoxidil are commonly approved treatments, new drugs targeting different pathogenic pathways have emerged, offering a broader understanding and reference for AGA treatment options.
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August 2022 in “Molecules/Molecules online/Molecules annual” This study found that microbial adenosine and biotin treatments derived from Staphylococcus epidermidis Cicaria culture may help inhibit hair loss by maintaining the hair's growth phase.