TLDR The 2018 guideline for PCOS suggests new diagnostic criteria and treatments, but recognizes the need for more research.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, associated with metabolic abnormalities like insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, as well as psychological issues such as depression and anxiety. The 2018 international evidence-based guideline for PCOS introduced 166 recommendations for the disorder's assessment and management, including an increase in the antral follicle count cutoff for diagnosis from 12 to 20, a redefinition of hirsutism, and careful diagnosis in adolescents. First-line treatments include lifestyle modifications, combined oral contraceptives, and for adults with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, metformin. For ovulation induction, an aromatase inhibitor is recommended. Despite these guidelines, the document acknowledges ongoing controversies in understanding and managing PCOS, indicating a need for further research and updates.
49 citations,
February 2019 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Use "female pattern hair loss" term, assess androgen excess, treat with minoxidil and other medications if needed.
189 citations,
March 2018 in “Human Reproduction Update” Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.
1265 citations,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.
1540 citations,
October 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.
4025 citations,
December 2003 in “Human Reproduction” The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and linked PCOS to higher risks of diabetes and heart problems, recommending lifestyle changes to lower these risks.
48 citations,
April 2015 in “PLOS ONE” Excessive hair growth affects the quality of life of Iranian women with PCOS the most.
1 citations,
January 2001 in “Drug and therapeutics bulletin” The document concludes that management strategies for PCOS are important due to its common occurrence and associated health risks.
