The Multifaceted Functions of TRPV4 and Calcium Oscillations in Tissue Repair

The review discusses the multifaceted roles of the TRPV4 ion channel in tissue repair and fibrosis across various organs. TRPV4 facilitates calcium ion entry, triggering oscillations that activate signaling pathways crucial for tissue repair, including myofibroblast differentiation and fibrotic gene expression. It interacts with molecules like TGF-βR and NOX4, contributing to ECM accumulation and tissue stiffening. TRPV4's involvement spans the skin, lungs, cardiovascular, skeletal, nervous, and reproductive systems, influencing processes such as wound healing, fibrosis, cardiac remodeling, bone maintenance, and neuronal damage. The review emphasizes the potential of targeting TRPV4 to enhance tissue repair and reduce fibrosis, suggesting future research on TRPV4 knockout models in fibroblasts for clinical applications.