Efficacy and Safety of Topical 5% Azelaic Acid Solution Versus 2% Minoxidil Solution in the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss

    December 2023 in “ Siriraj Medical Journal ”
    Kanchalit Thanomkitti, Chutipon Pruksaeakanan, Chanika Subchookul, Norramon Charoenpipatsin, Daranporn Triwongwaranat, Supenya Varothai, Rattapon Thuangtong, Tanyalak Chumnumrat
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    TLDR 5% Azelaic acid is as effective as 2% Minoxidil for female pattern hair loss and could be an alternative for those allergic to Minoxidil or pregnant.
    The study "Efficacy and Safety of Topical 5% Azelaic Acid Solution Versus 2% Minoxidil Solution in the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss" involved 26 patients with Ludwig grade I or II Female Pattern Hair Loss (FPHL). They were treated with either 5% azelaic acid solution or 2% minoxidil solution twice daily for 6 months. The results showed that both treatments significantly increased hair density and hair shaft diameter compared to the baseline in all cases and visits (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in hair density and hair shaft diameter changes between both groups (P > 0.05). Both the investigator and patient assessments were comparable between both groups at 6 months. Pruritus was the major adverse effect reported in both groups, but it was mild and tolerable. The study concluded that 5% Azelaic acid solution might be an effective treatment for FPHL, comparable with 2% minoxidil, and could be an alternative treatment for FPHL in minoxidil-allergic patients and pregnant women.
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