Structural abnormalities of the hair shaft

The 1987 document provides a detailed examination of hair shaft abnormalities, categorizing them into fractures, irregularities, twisting, and extraneous matter. It describes specific conditions like trichorrhexis nodosa, trichothiodystrophy, and Netherton's syndrome, which can lead to hair breakage and loss. The paper also discusses the effects of metabolic disturbances, illnesses, and trauma on hair structure, including conditions like trichotillomania and pili torti. Fungal and bacterial infections affecting the hair, such as tinea capitis and trichomycosis axillaris, are also covered, with diagnostic and treatment options outlined. The document emphasizes the importance of recognizing these abnormalities for proper diagnosis and management, and it includes references to studies on related syndromes and treatments for alopecia. Notably, it mentions a study by Quaba and Wallace on the risk of malignant melanoma in patients with congenital nevocellular nevi and a comparison of suture types in scalp reduction by Nordstrom and Nordstrom. Kabaker et al.'s work on treating alopecia with tissue expansion is also highlighted. Overall, the document underscores the need for understanding the structural variations in hair for diagnosing abnormalities and suggests gentle hair care to manage these conditions.