Research Progress on the Influence of Skin and Intestinal Microbiota on Acne

Gut microbiome imbalances can cause scalp inflammation and affect hair follicles, potentially leading to hair loss. Treatments include finasteride, peptides like BPC-157, TB-500, KPV, and lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.

Excess sebum rich in cholesterol and triglycerides can lead to hair loss through inflammation, with treatments like Ciclopirox shampoo, Benzoyl Peroxide shampoo, and Clindamycin gel recommended for managing conditions like seborrheic dermatitis and folliculitis. Pioglitazone is suggested for Lichen Planopilaris, while Omega-3s and reducing processed foods may improve sebum quality, though genetic factors play a significant role.

Increased Malassezia and Cutibacterium in the scalp microbiome are linked to higher sebum production and inflammation in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Treatments include ciclopirox shampoo, benzoyl peroxide shampoo, clobetasol propionate, calcipotriol, minoxidil, finasteride, and dutasteride.

Akkermansia bacteria can improve hair growth inhibited by testosterone, and metformin may increase Akkermansia, which could help with hair loss related to aging, insulin resistance, and inflammation.

Tretinoin can irritate seborrheic dermatitis, but using it with a moisturizer on calm skin may help. Parallel Health's skin microbiome testing and phage therapy are suggested for persistent issues.

Gut microbiota significantly influences androgen metabolism, impacting hair loss treatments like finasteride. Probiotics, dietary changes, and fecal microbiota transplants may help manage DHT levels and improve hair health.