Simvastatin Reduces Autoimmune Alopecia Through Direct Action on T Lymphocytes

The study demonstrated that simvastatin, when applied topically, induced remission of alopecia areata (AA) in a mouse model by directly modulating T cell activity. The treatment led to complete hair regrowth and was associated with decreased serum cholesterol and reduced levels of pSTAT1 and NKG2D in skin-draining lymph nodes. In vitro, simvastatin showed an anti-proliferative effect on cytotoxic T cells and primary lymph node cells, suggesting its action through inhibition of IL-2 signaling, which is crucial for T cell growth. This indicated a potential therapeutic role for simvastatin in treating AA by targeting T lymphocytes.