Retinoids in Dermatology

Retinoids, derived from vitamin A, were significant in treating dermatologic conditions due to their anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. Tretinoin was effective for acne vulgaris, while isotretinoin and etretinate were used for severe acne and psoriasis, respectively, despite their significant side effects, including teratogenicity and hyperlipidemia. Acitretin, a metabolite of etretinate, showed promise with a shorter half-life, reducing long-term risks. The document highlighted the need for careful management of retinoid therapy due to risks like hepatotoxicity and hyperostosis, and discussed the potential of acitretin as a safer alternative for women of childbearing age. Combination therapies were noted to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects.