Pyruvate Kinase M2 Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing via Glycolysis and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling

The article provided an overview of the wound repair process, emphasizing its complexity and the involvement of various cell types and phases. Wound healing in the skin was described as a multi-phase process involving immediate responses to damage, inflammation, proliferation, migration, contraction, and resolution. Key cellular activities included the activation of stress signal pathways, platelet aggregation, and the release of growth factors to promote repair. The inflammatory response involved leukocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages, which played roles in cleansing and promoting angiogenesis. Re-epithelialization was driven by keratinocyte migration and proliferation, supported by stem cells from hair follicles. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts contributed to dermal reconstruction and scar formation. The resolution phase aimed to restore tissue functionality and appearance, although full regeneration of appendages like hair follicles was challenging. Advances in understanding the genetic basis of wound healing were highlighted, with microarray studies providing insights into gene expression changes during repair.