TLDR Pitx2 helps outer root sheath cells differentiate but can't start hair growth on its own.
The study demonstrated that β-catenin regulated the differentiation of outer root sheath (ORS) cells by inducing the expression of keratin 16, keratin 17, and the transcription factor Pitx2. Overexpression of β-catenin in ORS cells led to increased levels of these markers, suggesting its role in promoting follicular differentiation. Pitx2, identified as a downstream effector of β-catenin, also increased the expression of keratin 16 and 17, indicating its function as a positive regulator of follicular differentiation. However, Pitx2 alone was not sufficient to induce the anagen phase of hair growth, highlighting the need for further investigation into its regulatory mechanisms.
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