PDO-Based Thread-Embedding Therapy for Hair Loss Management: Mechanistic Hypotheses

This review explores the potential of polydioxanone (PDO) threads in hair loss management, proposing that they may modulate the scalp microenvironment by shifting inflammation from M1 to M2, regulating oxidative stress, enhancing IL-10 signaling, and suppressing NF-κB activity. PDO degradation might aid extracellular matrix remodeling and VEGF-related microvascular changes, possibly supporting follicular regeneration. While PDO threads could act as both structural and bio-responsive immune modulators, the review is hypothesis-generating and emphasizes the need for further experimental and clinical validation to confirm their efficacy in treating hair loss.