Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Overview

    March 2016 in “ InnovAiT ”
    Adam Balen
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    TLDR PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, often involving menstrual issues and increased diabetes risk, managed through lifestyle changes and targeted treatments.
    The 2016 document outlines Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) as a common endocrine disorder affecting 10-15% of women, with symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, infertility, dermatological issues, and obesity. It is diagnosed by the presence of at least two of the following: menstrual cycle disturbance, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. Insulin resistance is a key factor in PCOS, particularly in overweight individuals, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Management includes individualized treatment focusing on symptom relief and lifestyle changes, with medications like metformin and fertility treatments used as necessary. The document also discusses the effectiveness of various treatments for PCOS-related symptoms, including gonadotrophin therapy, laparoscopic ovarian diathermy, cosmetic and medical therapies for hirsutism and acne, and the limited role of metformin except in cases of glucose intolerance or diabetes. It emphasizes the importance of weight loss in improving symptoms and reproductive function and notes the long-term risks of diabetes and cardiovascular disease associated with PCOS.
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