Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comparative Review

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age, with four possible phenotypes. The main goal of treatment is symptom management, with oral contraceptives being the first line of therapy. Metformin is also used, particularly in overweight women, to improve insulin sensitivity and decrease androgen levels, but it's less effective in markedly obese women. Other treatments include clomiphene citrate, cyproterone acetate, Flutamide, spironolactone, Finasteride, and ketoconazole. For hyperandrogenism symptoms like hirsutism and acne, supportive treatments and lifestyle modifications are recommended. A study of 200 participants found no difference in quality of life between different types of oral contraceptives after 3 months, but after 6 months, those treated with Cyproterone acetate had an increased quality of life score. The document emphasizes the importance of early intervention to minimize complications and promote a healthier lifestyle.