The Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Diverse Skin Diseases

August 2025 in “ Frontiers in Immunology ”

Mateusz Matwiejuk, Agnieszka Mikłosz, Hanna Myśliwiec, Adrian Chabowski, Iwona Flisiak

mesenchymal stem cells extracellular vesicles alopecia areata microRNAs bone marrow-derived MSCs T cells B cells immunomodulatory effects MSCs EVs

Studysummary This review explores how mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles may treat various skin diseases by modulating immune responses and promoting healing, though further clinical trials are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy in practice. Our plain-language summary of this paper — not a Tressless recommendation.

This review highlights the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) in treating various skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia areata. MSCs and EVs can modulate immune responses and promote tissue regeneration, with EVs showing promise in reducing symptoms by modulating immune pathways. In alopecia areata, EVs enhanced hair regrowth by downregulating inflammatory markers. Despite their promise, challenges like variability in production, potential immune responses, and low targeting efficiency need addressing. Further research and larger clinical trials are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of these therapies.

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Baricitinib-Loaded EVs Promote Alopecia Areata Mouse Hair Regrowth by Reducing JAK-STAT-Mediated Inflammation and Promoting Hair Follicle Regeneration

research Baricitinib-Loaded EVs Promote Alopecia Areata Mouse Hair Regrowth by Reducing JAK-STAT-Mediated Inflammation and Promoting Hair Follicle Regeneration

December 2024 in “Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics”

This study investigated using baricitinib-loaded mesenchymal stem cell exosomes injected locally in an alopecia areata mouse model and found that this method improved hair regrowth better than baricitinib or exosomes alone, potentially offering a new therapeutic approach for treating alopecia areata.

research Pimecrolimus Interferes With the Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating NFAT-COX2 Signaling

11 citations , August 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study found that coadministration of pimecrolimus may interfere with the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in atopic dermatitis.