M2 Macrophages Promote Wound-Induced Hair Neogenesis Through the Production of Growth Factors
M2 macrophages wound-induced hair neogenesis WIHN growth factors wnt signaling pathway full-thickness skin excisions CD11b+ CD68+ CD206+ Igf1 Hgf Egf Fgf2 Fgf10 Wnt proteins hair follicles gene expression analysis insulin-like growth factor 1 hepatocyte growth factor epidermal growth factor fibroblast growth factor 2 fibroblast growth factor 10
TLDR M2 macrophages help hair regrowth in wounds by making growth factors.
The study demonstrated that M2 macrophages played a crucial role in wound-induced hair neogenesis (WIHN) in mice by producing growth factors that activate the wnt signaling pathway. Full-thickness skin excisions on C57BL/6 mice led to WIHN in the late phase of wound healing, with increased infiltration of CD11b+/CD68+/CD206+ M2 macrophages near regenerated hair follicles. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of growth factors such as Igf1, Hgf, Egf, Fgf2, Fgf10, and Wnt proteins in healing tissue. Cultured M2 macrophages also showed increased expression of these growth factors. Treatment with Fgf2 and Igf1 enhanced WIHN, while ablation of macrophages reduced WIHN significantly. This indicated that M2 macrophages promoted hair regeneration by producing growth factors that activate the wnt signaling pathway.
