Intranasal sensitization model of alopecia areata using pertussis toxin as adjuvant

October 2024 in “ Frontiers in Immunology ”

Yuying Liu, Jasmin Freeborn, Beanna Okeugo, Shabba A. Armbrister, Zeina M. Saleh, Ana B. Fadhel Alvarez, Thomas K. Hoang, Evelyn S. Park, John Lindsey, Ronald P. Rapini, Steven Glazer, Keith Rubin, J. Marc Rhoads

TLDR Pertussis toxin may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata.

This study investigates the link between nasopharyngeal Bordetella pertussis colonization and alopecia areata (AA) using an intranasal sensitization model in mice. Researchers found that administering pertussis toxin (PTx) and myelin oligodendrocyte peptide (MOG35-55) led to 36.4% of mice developing patchy alopecia, characterized by a shift from anagen to telogen phase hair follicles and increased T cell infiltration. The study suggests that subclinical BP colonization could contribute to AA, highlighting PTx's role as an adjuvant in autoimmune disease models and proposing a novel animal model for studying AA.

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Research cited in this study

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research Alopecia Areata: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

290 citations , August 2021 in “Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology”

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating alopecia areata, but more research is needed.

research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata

134 citations , July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology”

Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.

research Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition

148 citations , December 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

research Distinguishing Immunohistochemical Features of Alopecia Areata from Androgenic Alopecia

3 citations , May 2018 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

Biopsy can differentiate between alopecia areata and androgenic alopecia, and if more information is needed, testing for CD3 and CD8 can help.

research Immune Privilege Collapse And Alopecia Development: Is Stress A Factor

51 citations , December 2017 in “Skin Appendage Disorders”

Stress may trigger hair loss by affecting immune protection in hair follicles.

research Familial Aggregation of Alopecia Areata

295 citations , May 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata, a common autoimmune hair loss condition, often runs in families.

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research The C3H/HeJ Mouse and DEBR Rat Models for Alopecia Areata: Review of Preclinical Drug Screening Approaches and Results

59 citations , September 2008 in “Experimental dermatology”

Both mouse and rat models are effective for testing alopecia areata treatments.

Intranasal sensitization model of alopecia areata using pertussis toxin as adjuvant

Research cited in this study

research Alopecia Areata: An Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata

research Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition

research Distinguishing Immunohistochemical Features of Alopecia Areata from Androgenic Alopecia

research Immune Privilege Collapse And Alopecia Development: Is Stress A Factor

research Familial Aggregation of Alopecia Areata

research Alopecia Areata: Animal Models Illuminate Autoimmune Pathogenesis and Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies

research Distinguishing Diffuse Alopecia Areata from Pattern Hair Loss Using CD3+ T Cells

research Functional Interpretation of Genome-Wide Association Study Evidence in Alopecia Areata

research Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity

research Histopathology of Alopecia: A Clinicopathological Approach to Diagnosis

research The C3H/HeJ Mouse and DEBR Rat Models for Alopecia Areata: Review of Preclinical Drug Screening Approaches and Results