Major Improvement in Wound Healing Through Pharmacologic Mobilization of Stem Cells in Severely Diabetic Rats

The document summarizes a study that found significant improvements in wound healing in diabetic rats using an AF combination therapy, which includes AMD3100 and low-dose FK506. The therapy reduced healing times for both type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats, with type 1 diabetic rats' back wound healing time decreasing from 27 to 19 days and foot wound healing time from 25 to 20 days, and type 2 diabetic GK rats' back wound healing time decreasing from 26 to 21 days. The treatment also resulted in reduced scarring and the regeneration of hair follicles. The mechanism behind these improvements involved the mobilization and recruitment of bone marrow-derived CD133+ and CD34+ endothelial progenitor cells and a transition to anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes, which led to enhanced capillary and hair follicle neogenesis and improved microcirculation. The study included various sample sizes, with n=3 for Western blot analysis, n=5 for immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative analysis of vessels, and n=6 or n=7 for thermal camera measurements and PAS staining analysis. The findings suggest that pharmacological mobilization of bone marrow stem cells can normalize wound healing and improve diabetic angiopathy, offering a potential therapy for diabetic foot ulcers.