This study reports an increase in the frequency and variety of skin conditions associated with COVID-19, noting that milder cases often present with pernio-like lesions, while severe cases may involve livedo racemosa, retiform purpura, and acral ischemia.
12 citations
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December 2021 in “Frontiers in Medicine” This study observed that dermatological patients using certain immunosuppressants, like azathioprine and high-dose prednisolone, had a reduced humoral immune response to the Sinovac-CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine compared to those without such treatments.
2 citations
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September 2025 in “Microorganisms” In this review, the authors explore the complex interplay between COVID-19 and autoimmune skin diseases, finding that SARS-CoV-2 may trigger or worsen these conditions, with increased risks following infection and vaccination, particularly with mRNA vaccines.
101 citations
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July 2020 in “Dermatologic therapy” This systematic review reports that "COVID toes" and other skin manifestations can be initial signs of COVID-19, and advises immunosuppressive therapy adjustments only for infected or at-risk patients.
31 citations
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June 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This systematic review reports that for patients with underlying dermatologic disorders who contracted COVID-19, most experienced mild to moderate exacerbation of their skin conditions and were managed similarly to the general population, suggesting treatment discontinuation during acute infection may prevent severe recurrence.