Human Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosome-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles for Chronic Cutaneous Graft-Versus-Host Disease: A Case Report

This case report details the treatment of a 39-year-old male with chronic cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) using exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (hPMSCs). The patient, unresponsive to conventional treatments, showed significant clinical improvements after four weekly EV treatments, including reduced hyperpigmentation, fewer and less severe ulcers, and better skin condition. Monocyte levels decreased from 18% to 5%, and no side effects were observed. The improvements lasted for 5 months post-treatment, suggesting hPMSC-derived EVs as a potential therapy for cGVHD, warranting further research.