Hair Follicles Contribute Significantly to Penetration Through Human Skin Only Shortly After Application as a Solvent Deposited Solid in Humans

    May 2011 in “ BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology ”
    Xin Liu, Jeffrey E. Grice, Juergen Lademann … Michael S. Roberts
    Studysummary This study found that hair follicles contribute significantly to caffeine absorption shortly after topical application, with a faster absorption rate compared to the stratum corneum.
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    Research cited in this study 7

    1. Permeation of Topically Applied Caffeine Through Human Skin – A Comparison of In Vivo and In Vitro Data BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2009
    2. Follicular Transport Route: Research Progress and Future Perspectives European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics · 2009
    3. Hair Follicles, Their Disorders, and Their Opportunities Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms · 2008
    4. The Role of Hair Follicles in the Percutaneous Absorption of Caffeine BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2007
    5. Hair Follicle Differentiation And Regulation The International Journal of Developmental Biology · 2004
    6. Variations of Hair Follicle Size and Distribution in Different Body Sites Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2004
    7. Importance of Sebaceous Glands in Cutaneous Penetration of an Antiandrogen: Target Effect of Liposomes Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 1997