Hair Follicle Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis of the Scarring Process in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus

January 2009 in “ Autoimmunity Reviews ”

Khitam Al‐Refu, Mark Goodfield

cutaneous lupus erythematosus chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus CCLE inflammation bulge area hair follicles stem cells cytokeratin 15 CK15 permanent follicle loss scarring cicatricial alopecia inflammatory cell infiltrate CLE scarring alopecia

TLDR Damage to hair follicle stem cells causes permanent hair loss and scarring in cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

In the study of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), particularly chronic CLE (CCLE), it was found that inflammation often targeted the bulge area of hair follicles, where stem cells reside. This damage to stem cells, marked by a decrease and eventual absence of cytokeratin 15 (CK15) expression, suggested a mechanism for permanent follicle loss and scarring. The involvement of the bulge region in the scarring process was also observed in other types of cicatricial alopecia, indicating that the surrounding inflammatory cell infiltrate secondarily affected the hair follicles.

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