TLDR Glutamine may protect against alopecia areata, while certain cholesterol and glucose levels may increase risk.
This study investigated the causal effects of blood metabolites on alopecia areata (AA) using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization approach with data from 24,925 Europeans and 682 AA cases. It identified 25 metabolites significantly associated with AA, particularly lipoprotein-related metabolites. Elevated cholesterol-related measures and lipoprotein particles were linked to increased AA risk, while glutamine was protective. The study suggests disruptions in lipid and energy metabolism are central to AA's pathogenesis, indicating potential metabolic targets for therapy. The methodology was robust, but findings need validation in diverse populations due to the focus on European ancestry.
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