Geranylated Coumarins From Thai Medicinal Plant Mammea Siamensis With Testosterone 5α-Reductase Inhibitory Activity

In the 2020 study by Morikawa et al., researchers isolated new and known geranylated coumarin compounds from the Thai medicinal plant Mammea siamensis and tested their inhibitory activity against testosterone 5α-reductase, an enzyme linked to hair loss conditions like androgenetic alopecia. The study identified three new compounds, kayeassamin I (1) and mammeasins E (2) and F (3), and found that several, including surangin C (13) with an IC50 value of 5.9 µM, showed significant inhibitory activity. The methanol extract of M. siamensis flowers had an IC50 value of 2.4 µg/mL against 5α-reductase. These findings suggest that the compounds could be potential treatments for diseases related to 5α-reductase activity. The study was biochemical in nature and did not involve human subjects, hence no number of participants was mentioned. Further research is needed to explore the potential of these compounds in hair loss treatments.