Genetic Hair and Nail Disorders

January 2005 in “ Clinics in dermatology ”

Eli Sprecher

hair follicles hair morphogenesis hair cycling hair shaft structure congenital nail dysplasia pachyonychia congenita type 1 pachyonychia congenita type 2

TLDR Recent progress has been made in understanding inherited hair and nail disorders.

The document discussed the development and genetic disorders of hair and nails. Hair follicles begin forming in the 10th week of gestation, influenced by mesodermal and ectodermal interactions, while nail development starts around the 9th week and completes by the fifth month. Various genetic disorders affect hair and nails, including disorders of hair morphogenesis, cycling, and shaft structure, as well as isolated congenital nail dysplasia and pachyonychia congenita types 1 and 2. Advances in understanding the molecular basis of these disorders have improved diagnosis and provided options for premarital counseling and prenatal diagnosis, significantly impacting affected families.

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