Influence of Extraction Techniques and Solvents on the Antioxidant and Biological Potential of Different Parts of Scorzonera Undulata

The study examines the effects of different extraction techniques and solvents on the antioxidant and biological properties of Scorzonera undulata. It finds that the aerial parts (leaves and flowers) generally have higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity than the tuber, with the leaf ethanolic extract showing 25.06% antioxidant activity at 50 µg/mL. The study highlights the superior biological activities of the aerial parts, including anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects, and identifies 21 phenolic compounds and 25 volatile compounds. The research underscores the importance of extraction methods and solvents in determining the chemical profiles and potential health benefits of the plant extracts, suggesting the aerial parts of S. undulata have promising medicinal applications.