Mediterranean Basin Erica Species: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties

Mediterranean Erica species, such as Erica arborea, Erica multiflora, and Erica manipuliflora, have been traditionally used to treat various ailments, including urinary tract disorders and inflammatory conditions. This review highlights their rich phytochemical profiles, featuring bioactive compounds like pentacyclic triterpenes and polyphenolics, which contribute to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, and diuretic properties. The pharmacological activities of these species support their traditional uses, although their phytochemical composition can vary based on species, plant part, geography, and extraction methods. The presence of compounds like lupeol and quercetin glycosides suggests potential for further research, including mechanistic studies and clinical trials, to validate their therapeutic efficacy.