Epigenetic Regulation of 5α Reductase-1 Underlies Adaptive Plasticity of Reproductive Function and Pubertal Timing

The study examined the epigenetic regulation of the SRD5A1 gene, which encodes 5α reductase-1, and its impact on reproductive function and pubertal timing. Researchers found that increased methylation of SRD5A1 was linked to delayed puberty and reduced ovarian reserve in both Bangladeshi women and a mouse model. In mice, inhibition of 5α reductase-1 delayed puberty and reduced reproductive hormone expression. The study highlighted how early-life environmental factors could epigenetically influence reproductive traits, suggesting potential interventions for related health issues. Additionally, the research indicated that early-life inflammation might lead to epigenetic modifications affecting reproductive health, with implications for conditions like polycystic ovarian syndrome.