Endocrine Control of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

The document from April 18, 2016, reviews the endocrine factors involved in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. It emphasizes the controversial role of androgens, particularly dihydrotestosterone (DHT), in BPH development and notes that 5α-reductase inhibitors are effective in reducing prostate volume. The review also discusses the significance of growth factors and their interactions in the prostate, the influence of estrogens and estrogen receptors, the potential role of prolactin, and the connection between inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and BPH. Additionally, it explores the role of vitamin D and its receptor as potential therapeutic targets, despite mixed evidence regarding their impact on BPH. The document concludes that BPH pathogenesis is complex, involving hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, and that further research is needed to fully understand these mechanisms for better diagnostic and therapeutic management.