Clinical Evaluation Including Trichoscopy and Photography

January 2026 in “ Updates in clinical dermatology ”

Andjela Egger, Antonellá Tosti

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Research cited in this study

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research Trichoscopy Features of Trichotillomania

29 citations , February 2019 in “Pediatric dermatology”

This abstract suggests that specific trichoscopic features like black dots, coiled hair, and trichoptilosis may help differentiate trichotillomania from patchy alopecia areata.

research Trichoscopy Tips

28 citations , August 2018 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This article discusses various aspects of trichoscopy for diagnosing hair and scalp disorders and reports no clinical results, offering guidance and highlighting pitfalls for better application of this tool by dermatologists.

research Trichoscopy of Dark Scalp: A Review of Trichoscopic Features in Hair and Scalp Disorders in Dark-Skinned Individuals

18 citations , July 2018 in “Skin appendage disorders”

This review discusses trichoscopic features of hair disorders in individuals with dark skin phototypes and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize the need for more specific diagnostic criteria for these populations.

research Trichoscopy of Alopecia Areata: An Update

89 citations , March 2018 in “The Journal of Dermatology”

This review presents various trichoscopic findings for diagnosing alopecia areata but reports no new clinical results, emphasizing that no single marker is pathognomonic and multiple features should be considered together.

research Hair Pull Test: Evidence-Based Update and Revision of Guidelines

36 citations , December 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

In this study, researchers evaluated the hair pull test and found that normal values should be reduced to two hairs or fewer, with no significant impact from hair washing, brushing, or lifestyle factors such as hair texture and medication use.

research Casts and Pseudocasts: Differentiating Hair Shaft Concretions

8 citations , September 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

It's important to tell the difference between hair casts, pseudocasts, and nits.

research Hair Dye: A Trichoscopy Pitfall

6 citations , March 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article discusses the diagnostic challenges of evaluating hair and scalp conditions in patients using hair dye, emphasizing how dyes can mimic different pathologies and lead to contact dermatitis.

research Scalp Dermoscopy or Trichoscopy

69 citations , January 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology”

This review discusses trichoscopy as a noninvasive, effective technique for diagnosing various hair loss conditions and monitoring treatment, highlighting its potential to reduce scalp biopsy necessity.

research A Systematic Approach to Afro-Textured Hair Disorders

16 citations , April 2014 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Dermatoscopy helps diagnose hair and scalp disorders in people with Afro-textured hair, but more research is needed for better understanding and treatment.

A Nonrandomized Study of Trichoscopy Patterns Using Nonpolarized (Contact) and Polarized (Noncontact) Dermatoscopy in Hair and Shaft Disorders

research A Nonrandomized Study of Trichoscopy Patterns Using Nonpolarized (Contact) and Polarized (Noncontact) Dermatoscopy in Hair and Shaft Disorders

34 citations , January 2014 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study reported that polarized dermoscopy was better for visualizing vascular patterns, scaling, and reticular pigmentation, while nonpolarized mode better documented features like black dots and tapered hair in various hair and scalp conditions.

research Hair and Scalp Disorders in Women of African Descent: An Overview

20 citations , October 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

The document concludes that clinicians should be aware of common hair and scalp disorders in women of African descent and that more research is needed to develop effective treatments.

research Absence of Vellus Hair in the Hairline: A Videodermatoscopic Feature of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia

33 citations , August 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Lack of small, fine hair on the front hairline is a key sign of frontal fibrosing alopecia.

research Follicular Red Dots: A Normal Trichoscopy Feature in Patients with Pigmentary Disorders?

14 citations , June 2013 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”

This report found follicular red dots in patients with scalp pigmentary disorders, suggesting they might be linked to the scalp's vascular structure and may have implications for conditions like discoid lupus erythematosus.

research Trichoscopy

42 citations , October 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This article reviews the use of trichoscopy for diagnosing common hair and scalp diseases and introduces a new classification for specific skin surface abnormalities, without presenting new clinical results.

research Exclamation Marks and Other Trichoscopic Signs of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

33 citations , September 2012 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

This article reviews trichoscopic signs of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, including exclamation marks, but reports no new clinical results.

research Dermatoscopy of Hair Shaft Disorders

68 citations , August 2012 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This paper discusses the use of dermatoscopy as a fast, noninvasive technique for diagnosing hair shaft disorders and reports no new results; the authors highlight its advantages over traditional microscopy methods.

research Hair and Scalp Dermatoscopy

245 citations , March 2012 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This review discusses the dermoscopic features of common hair and scalp disorders and reports no new clinical results, aiming to assist dermatologists in diagnosing conditions like tinea capitis and alopecia areata.

research Acantholytic Hair Casts: A Dermoscopic Sign of Pemphigus Vulgaris of the Scalp

15 citations , January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This case report describes dermoscopic features of pemphigus vulgaris on the scalp, highlighting that hair casts may suggest treatment adjustment for improved disease control.

research Trichoscopy Update 2011

178 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports”

This review discusses the application of trichoscopy in diagnosing various hair and scalp diseases and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize its role as a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

research Alopecia: Evaluation and Treatment

76 citations , July 2011 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology”

This review discusses clinical methods for diagnosing alopecia and examines current treatments for both cicatricial and noncicatricial forms but provides no new clinical results.

Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Can Differentiate Dermoscopic White Dots of the Scalp Between Sweat Gland Ducts or Follicular Infundibulum

research Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Can Differentiate Dermoscopic White Dots of the Scalp Between Sweat Gland Ducts or Follicular Infundibulum

20 citations , April 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Reflectance confocal microscopy can tell apart white dots on the scalp as either sweat gland ducts or hair follicle openings.

research Corkscrew Hair: A New Dermoscopic Sign for Diagnosis of Tinea Capitis in Black Children

108 citations , March 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Corkscrew hair may be a new sign for quickly diagnosing scalp fungus in black children.

research Reflectance Confocal Microscopy of the Yellow Dot Pattern in Alopecia Areata

39 citations , January 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that the yellow dot pattern observed in dermoscopy of alopecia areata corresponds to inefficient follicular structures containing hair remnants, as corroborated by reflectance confocal microscopy and pathological findings.

research Pinpoint White Dots in the Scalp: Dermoscopic and Histopathologic Correlation

60 citations , September 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Small white dots on the scalp seen with a dermoscope correspond to sweat ducts and vary with different hair disorders.

research Dermoscopic Pattern of Cicatricial Alopecia Caused by Discoid Lupus Erythematosus and Lichen Planopilaris

73 citations , April 2010 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”

This study concluded that dermoscopy enhances the diagnostic capability for cicatricial alopecia beyond clinical inspection and identified novel dermoscopic features such as blue-grey dots.

research Tinea Capitis Mimicking Folliculitis Decalvans

24 citations , July 2009 in “Mycoses”

This case report describes an adult patient with tinea capitis due to Microsporum canis who experienced complete hair regrowth following treatment with fluconazole and ketoconazole shampoo.

research Diagnosis of Hair Disorders

73 citations , March 2009 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery”

This article reviews various diagnostic tools for hair disorders, describing methods ranging from invasive to noninvasive, but reports no new research findings or clinical results.

research Hair Evaluation Methods: Merits and Demerits

91 citations , January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This review discusses the advantages and limitations of various hair loss evaluation methods but reports no new results; it emphasizes the importance of cautious interpretation for these diagnostic tools.

research Dermoscopy in Female Androgenic Alopecia: Method Standardization and Diagnostic Criteria

129 citations , January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study found that trichoscopy criteria can distinguish female androgenic alopecia from chronic telogen effluvium, with specific features achieving 98% diagnostic specificity.

research Dermoscopy Findings of Alopecia Areata in an African-American Patient

25 citations , December 2008 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports”

This case report describes alopecia areata dermoscopy in an African-American patient, revealing novel patterns such as a diffuse honeycomb-like pigmented network and white dots, suggesting skin color may affect dermoscopic findings.

research Comma Hairs: A Dermatoscopic Marker for Tinea Capitis

143 citations , October 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that comma hairs are a distinctive feature of tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis, distinguishing it from alopecia areata, which is characterized by exclamation mark hairs.

research Trichoscopy

44 citations , August 2008 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This abstract provides no results; it is a website notification about cookies and general access to JAMA content.

research Folliculitis Decalvans: A Rare Inflammatory Scalp Disorder

112 citations , July 2008 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

This review outlines the diagnosis and management of folliculitis decalvans, an inflammatory scalp disorder, and highlights Staphylococcus aureus and immune response deficiencies as key factors in its development.

research Clinical Significance of Dermoscopy in Alopecia Areata: Analysis of 300 Cases

196 citations , June 2008 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that dermoscopic indicators like black dots and tapering hairs are valuable markers for diagnosing and assessing the severity and activity of alopecia areata in Asian patients.

research Videodermoscopy in the Evaluation of Hair and Scalp Disorders

304 citations , July 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that videodermoscopy enhances diagnostic accuracy for scalp and hair disorders beyond simple clinical inspection and reveals novel disease features that could improve clinical understanding.

research Histological Features of Peripilar Signs Associated with Androgenetic Alopecia

95 citations , January 2004 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

This study found that peripilar signs on the scalp are linked to perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrates in early androgenetic alopecia, detectable even in areas with high hair density.

research Hair Density in African Americans

129 citations , June 1999 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that hair density is significantly lower in African Americans compared to whites, which may affect the evaluation and diagnosis of scalp biopsy specimens in this population.

research Hair Casts: A Clinical and Electron Microscopic Study

24 citations , December 1990 in “Pediatric Dermatology”

This study observed that hair casts, seen in girls with tightly drawn hairstyles, may result from local circulatory disturbances and scalp inflammation.