Beta Human Papillomavirus and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Skin Neoplasms

The document reviewed the roles of beta human papillomavirus (HPV) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) in skin neoplasms, focusing on nonmelanoma squamous carcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. Beta-HPVs, particularly types 5, 8, and 38, were implicated in skin carcinogenesis, especially in immunocompromised individuals, through mechanisms like the "hit-and-run" hypothesis. MCPyV was associated with Merkel cell carcinoma, requiring continuous expression of viral antigens for tumor maintenance. The study emphasized the need for further research into the molecular mechanisms and interactions of these viruses in skin cancer development and highlighted the potential for new therapies targeting viral oncogenic proteins. Vaccines for beta-HPV and MCPyV were still under development.