Alopecia Universalis in a Dog with Testicular Neoplasia

    September 2016 in “ Veterinary dermatology ”
    Catherine A. Outerbridge, Stephen D. White, Verena K. Affolter
    TLDR A combination of ciclosporin and ketoconazole can effectively treat severe hair loss in dogs.
    A 12-year-old intact male wirehaired fox terrier presented with symmetrical generalized alopecia and testicular enlargement, which was diagnosed as bilateral interstitial cell tumors, Sertoli cell tumors, and a unilateral seminoma. Post-castration, the alopecia worsened, and skin biopsies revealed moderate, multifocal mural folliculitis, peribulbar mucinosis, lymphocytic bulbitis, and targeting of anagen hair follicles. Immunophenotyping showed a population of well-differentiated, small CD3-positive T lymphocytes, indicating alopecia areata rather than lymphoma. Treatment with ciclosporin (4.6 mg/kg) and ketoconazole (4.6 mg/kg) led to complete hair regrowth. The study concluded that ciclosporin, combined with ketoconazole, can effectively treat alopecia universalis in dogs, and skin biopsies are essential for accurate diagnosis.
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