January 2008 in “대한미용학회지” This study reports that prolonged UV irradiation causes progressive damage to the hair's keratin structure, leading to increased surface roughness, cuticle destruction, and decreased tensile strength in young women’s hair.
May 2026 in “Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia Fisika dan Biologi” This study found that rebonding hair straightening treatments visibly damage the hair cuticle, causing surface erosion and cracks, as shown through Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis.
August 2007 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.
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October 1982 in “Journal of applied polymer science” This study found that the moisture content of human hair significantly influences the type of fracture under tensile loading, with low or high humidity levels leading to smooth fractures and intermediate humidity resulting in step fractures.
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March 2024 in “Discover Applied Sciences” In this study, researchers found that a protein-enriched cream made from Spirulina platensis improved the physical structure of natural hair, as evidenced by more intact and smoother cuticles compared to a control cream without protein, suggesting its potential for hair care applications.