December 2025 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” In this review, researchers examined nine studies on botulinum toxin type A's effects on biomarkers in chronic head and neck conditions, finding significant, though low to moderate certainty, changes in markers like CGRP and serotonin associated with inflammation and mood disorders.
15 citations
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January 2023 in “Antioxidants” This review discusses oxidative stress in alopecia areata pathogenesis and potential treatment strategies, reporting no new clinical results but suggesting biomarkers for oxidative stress and discussing JAK inhibitors as promising options.
February 2024 in “Scientific reports” This study identified four ferroptosis-related genes, SLC40A1, LCN2, CREB5, and SLC7A11, as potential diagnostic markers for alopecia areata, revealing reduced expression in affected patients compared to controls, with a predictive model showing high accuracy in differentiating the condition.
11 citations
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October 2020 in “General and comparative endocrinology” This study found that age-related fluctuations in hormones and endocannabinoids in male C57BL/6 mice showed specific patterns, with peak values observed around 2.7 to 3.4 months, with these patterns seen in both plasma and hair but with different magnitudes.
November 2025 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” This study reported that machine learning analysis of protein profiles in hair segments achieved high accuracy in distinguishing women with non-suicidal self-injury disorder from healthy controls, suggesting hair proteomics as a promising non-invasive biomarker for stress-related psychopathology with potential clinical applications.