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Glossary Alopecia Areata

autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss on scalp and body

Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to patchy hair loss on the scalp and other areas of the body. This condition can affect individuals of all ages and often results in round, smooth bald patches, though the extent and pattern of hair loss can vary widely.

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learn Hydrocortisone

When should hydrocortisone be used for hair loss — is it only for irritated scalps or also alopecia areata? Hydrocortisone is a low-potency topical steroid whose labelled use is calming scalp irritation such as dermatitis; for alopecia areata no verified human trial supports it on its own, and dermatologists generally use stronger prescription corticosteroids instead.

learn Scalp Micropigmentation

Is scalp micropigmentation suitable for all types of hair loss? Scalp micropigmentation is generally suitable for various types of hair loss.
Does scalp micropigmentation look natural? Scalp micropigmentation can look natural if performed by a skilled practitioner.
What is Scalp Micropigmentation and how does it help people with visible hair loss? Scalp Micropigmentation creates the illusion of hair follicles on the scalp for visible hair loss.

learn Alopecia Areata

autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss

learn Bimatoprost

What do the latest studies say about bimatoprost for scalp hair growth? Bimatoprost is approved only for eyelashes; a 30-person pilot found it beat a topical steroid on patches of alopecia areata, but the two registered Allergan trials in male pattern hair loss were never published and never taken further, so scalp use stays off-label and experimental.

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learn Metformin

diabetes drug with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and insulin-sensitizing properties

learn Neem Oil

natural substance from Neem tree with medicinal and pesticidal properties

learn Osteopontin

signaling protein that, when suppressed, may grow hair by reducing inflammation and stem cell loss

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Research

5 / 1000+ results

research Identification of novel step‐up regimen of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide in scalp alopecia areata based on a double‐blind randomized controlled trial

3 citations , November 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

This study found that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide was more effective than saline for hair regrowth in scalp alopecia areata, with 10 mg/mL showing the best response but more side effects.

research Patient-reported outcome improvements following scalp hair regrowth among patients with Alopecia Areata: analysis of the ALLEGRO-2b/3 trial

3 citations , February 2025 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment”

This study found a positive association between clinically meaningful scalp hair regrowth and improvements in patient-reported outcomes, such as satisfaction and reduced psychosocial burden.

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy and Trichoscopic Changes in Scalp Alopecia Areata Following Treatment with Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide and Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma

research Comparison of Clinical Efficacy and Trichoscopic Changes in Alopecia Areata of the Scalp following Treatment with Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide and Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma

July 2023 in “Clinical dermatology review”

This study found that intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is more effective and faster than platelet-rich plasma in promoting hair regrowth for scalp alopecia areata.

research The Alopecia Areata Investigator Global Assessment scale: a measure for evaluating clinically meaningful success in clinical trials

86 citations , January 2020 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study developed the Alopecia Areata Investigator Global Assessment (AA-IGA) to measure scalp-hair loss in alopecia areata patients, incorporating perspectives of both patients and clinicians to define treatment success.

research 84 Partial restoration of scalp microbiota in alopecia areata with JAK inhibitors

November 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, patients with alopecia areata displayed altered scalp microbiota compared to healthy controls, and treatment with JAK kinase inhibitors largely restored these microbial changes, providing insights into the potential role of the skin microbiome in alopecia areata.

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Community Join

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community Alopecia Areata Question

2 upvotes 5 years ago

A user with alopecia totalis, borderline universalis, seeks advice on getting into a Xeljanz trial or appealing insurance for coverage. They experienced significant hair regrowth but are now seeing hair loss again and want to try Xeljanz.

community Onion Juice - An effective topical treatment for Alopecia Areata 🧬

3 years ago

Onion juice, when applied topically, is an effective treatment for Alopecia Areata, showing significant hair regrowth in both males and females. The study suggests it could be interesting to test its effectiveness on Androgenic Alopecia.

community My 15+ Year Hair Loss Journey: DUPA, Recurrent Alopecia Areata, & different dosages of Min / Fin topicals - Advice needed on next steps.

4 upvotes 2 weeks ago

The user has been managing hair loss for over 15 years, using treatments like Minoxidil, Finasteride, and corticosteroids, while experiencing side effects and recurrent Alopecia Areata. They seek advice on progression and potential underlying conditions, questioning if their hair loss is due to an autoimmune issue beyond typical patterns.

community Microneedling-induced shedding after 5 months?

in Progress Pictures 22 upvotes 10 months ago

A user experienced significant hair loss after starting microneedling, despite using dutasteride and topical minoxidil. They are advised to consult a doctor as the shedding pattern is unusual and may indicate alopecia areata or other scalp conditions.

community 2 and 1/2 months, prescribed 1.25mg oral min daily

in Progress Pictures 4 upvotes 11 months ago

The user is treating alopecia areata with 1.25mg oral minoxidil daily and topical mometasone furoate, considering increasing the dose or adding finasteride, though finasteride is not typically used for this condition. A gluten-free diet is suggested, and alternatives like Olumiant are mentioned.

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Clinics

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Experts

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24
Trichologist
Kirsten J. Scalp
Greenville, SC, United States

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Kirsten J. Scalp