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    Glossary Transforming Growth Factor

    proteins regulating cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses

    Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) refers to a group of proteins that play crucial roles in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. There are two main types, TGF-α and TGF-β, with TGF-β being particularly important in processes like wound healing, fibrosis, and the regulation of the immune system. These factors are significant in both normal physiological processes and in the development of diseases such as cancer and fibrosis.

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    1. RGDSP-functionalized peptide hydrogel stimulates growth factor secretion via integrin αv/PI3K/AKT axis for improved wound healing by human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · 2024 · 6 citations
    2. 1407 Mechanical force activation of TGF-β signaling controls hair follicle regression Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2023
    3. Langerin+ Dendritic Cells in Cutaneous Fibrosis: The TGF-β1 Signaling Axis Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · 2025
    4. The role of integrin alphavbeta6 in impaired wound healing and hair follicle regeneration 2010
    5. An investigation of crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and transforming growth factor-β signaling in androgenetic alopecia Medicine · 2016 · 18 citations
    6. Protopanaxatirol type ginsenoside Re promotes cyclic growth of hair follicles via inhibiting transforming growth factor β signaling cascades Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · 2016 · 14 citations
    7. Transforming growth factor-β in stem cells and tissue homeostasis Bone Research · 2018 · 245 citations
    8. P311 induces the transdifferentiation of epidermal stem cells to myofibroblast-like cells by stimulating transforming growth factor β1 expression Stem Cell Research & Therapy · 2016 · 24 citations
    9. Integrin β1 Establishes Liver Microstructure and Modulates Transforming Growth Factor β during Liver Development and Regeneration American Journal Of Pathology · 2020 · 10 citations
    10. 0867 The role of schwann cell - macrophage interactions in keloid pathogenesis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    11. TGF-β family signaling in stem cells Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · 2012 · 132 citations
    12. Hair-Growth-Promoting Effects of the Fish Collagen Peptide in Human Dermal Papilla Cells and C57BL/6 Mice Modulating Wnt/β-Catenin and BMP Signaling Pathways International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2022
    13. Epidermal β-catenin activation remodels the dermis via paracrine signalling to distinct fibroblast lineages Nature Communications · 2016 · 115 citations
    14. Therapeutic potential of endogenous stem cells and cellular factors for scar-free skin regeneration Drug Discovery Today · 2018 · 9 citations
    15. A comparative proteomic-based study identifies essential factors involved in hair follicle growth in inner Mongolia cashmere goats BMC Veterinary Research · 2025
    16. Network pharmacology and in vivo experimental analysis for validating the antifibrotic potential of Punica granatum leaves against skin scleroderma: the role of oxidative stress, inflammation and TGF-β1/Snail 1/p-Smad 3 signaling pathway Inflammopharmacology · 2026
    17. New Activators and Inhibitors in the Hair Cycle Clock: Targeting Stem Cells’ State of Competence Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2012 · 68 citations
    18. Towards cell-based therapy of alopecia areata: Autologous human Vδ2+ Foxp3+ γδTreg cells restore hair-follicle immune privilege and promote hair regrowth in human alopecia areata models ex vivo and in vivo Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2026
    19. Identification of key genes and signaling pathways related to Hetian sheep wool density by RNA-seq technology PLOS ONE · 2022 · 7 citations
    20. Symposium Proceedings of the 4th Intercontinental Meeting of Hair Research Societies: “The World of Hair 2004” Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings · 2005
    21. Roles of tumor suppressors in regulating tumor-associated inflammation Cell Death & Differentiation · 2014 · 44 citations
    22. The hair cycle Journal of Cell Science · 2006 · 375 citations
    23. The Harmonies Played by TGF-β in Stem Cell Biology Cell Stem Cell · 2012 · 156 citations
    24. Molecular biology of hair morphogenesis: Development and cycling Journal Of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular And Developmental Evolution · 2003 · 155 citations
    25. The hair cycle Journal of Cell Science · 2006 · 103 citations
    26. Epidermal Development in Mammals: Key Regulators, Signals from Beneath, and Stem Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2013 · 83 citations
    27. Expression of truncated latent TGF-β-binding protein modulates TGF-β signaling Journal of Cell Science · 2005 · 40 citations
    28. Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Type I and Type II Expression During Murine Hair Follicle Development and Cycling Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 1997 · 148 citations
    29. [Regulation of hair follicle cycle]. PubMed · 2014 · 4 citations
    30. Local Microenvironment Provides Important Cues for Cell Differentiation in Lingual Epithelia PloS one · 2012 · 6 citations