20 citations
,
March 2017 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” This study describes tumor necrosis factor inhibitor-associated psoriatic alopecia, highlighting the distinctive histologic feature of sebaceous lobule atrophy, which is potentially reversible and helps differentiate it from idiopathic psoriatic alopecia.
9 citations
,
January 2017 in “Dermatology Online Journal” This study describes a distinctive hair loss pattern with features of psoriasis and alopecia areata linked to TNF-α inhibitors, noting various management options despite the lack of consensus guidelines.
3 citations
,
November 2023 in “Вопросы современной педиатрии” This case study described a 17-year-old with paradoxical psoriasis and ulcerative colitis, triggered by TNF-α inhibitor therapy, who experienced clinical improvement and hair regrowth after switching to ustekinumab, which the authors note aligns with existing data on its effectiveness for these conditions.
2 citations
,
February 2018 in “InTech eBooks” This article discusses adverse immune-mediated skin reactions associated with TNF-alpha inhibitors, highlighting paradoxical reactions such as psoriasis that occur despite being treated with medications intended to alleviate the condition.
October 2021 in “Rheumatology Science and Practice” The article presents three clinical cases of universal alopecia developing during TNF-α inhibitor therapy and discusses possible mechanisms and the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
2 citations
,
February 2023 in “BMC women's health” In this study, oral contraceptive use in women with PCOS increased the expression of certain inflammatory gene markers, which were positively associated with metabolic abnormalities.
2 citations
,
June 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” September 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” 
2 citations
,
March 2023 in “Frontiers in medicine” This case report presents the first successful treatment of perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens using a regimen of adalimumab and baricitinib, resulting in almost complete healing after nine months.
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This study reviews the efficacy and safety of advanced therapies like TNFα inhibitors and IL-17/IL-23 inhibitors for dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, finding TNFα inhibitors particularly effective for severe or refractory cases, although prospective validation is needed for early intervention benefits.
February 2024 in “PloS one” This review concluded that oral tofacitinib and adalimumab are promising treatments for cicatricial alopecia, showing effectiveness in improving signs and symptoms but requiring regular monitoring for adverse effects. The authors emphasize the need for further extensive studies to solidify these findings.
3 citations
,
June 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” In this review, researchers found that TNF-α, IL-17, and JAK inhibitors show the most promise for stabilizing and resolving scarring alopecias, with IL-23 and Interferon Alpha Receptor 1 inhibitors also providing some benefits in managing these hair loss conditions.
1 citations
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May 2026 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” This case report suggests that starting selective Janus kinase 1 inhibition may improve alopecia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who was not responding to TNF-α inhibitor therapy and corticosteroids.
May 2025 in “Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases” This review suggests that immunomodulators, including TNF-α blockers and IL inhibitors, may improve symptoms of moderate-to-severe dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, but their effects on hair regrowth and scarring remain unclear.
3 citations
,
January 2011 in “Annals of Dermatology” This study found that EGFR inhibitors and ligands did not significantly affect the expression of inflammatory biomarkers in cultured sebocytes, except for a notable increase in IL-1 expression with EGF treatment.
60 citations
,
September 2013 in “Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics” This review discusses the dermatological adverse events from immunosuppressive and anti-TNF therapy in IBD, finding increased risks of non-melanoma skin cancer and other skin conditions, and recommends regular cancer screening.
3 citations
,
June 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” In a retrospective study, TNFα inhibitor-induced alopecia was observed in pediatric patients, primarily adolescents with inflammatory bowel diseases, with hair regrowth occurring in those who discontinued the therapy; this suggests that stopping these medications can improve drug-induced alopecia in children.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of clinical and investigative dermatology” This article reviews TNF-α inhibitor-induced alopecia, identifying various types of hair loss such as severe alopecia areata and scarring alopecia, and calls for more controlled studies to better understand this adverse effect.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “Rheumatology advances in practice” This case report describes a 42-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis who developed extensive impetiginized pityriasis amiantacea potentially linked to her anti-TNF-α therapy with golimumab. Discontinuing the drug and other treatments led to significant clinical improvement within a month.
This study reports the case of a 12-year-old girl who developed psoriatic alopecia after increasing her dose of the TNF-α inhibitor adalimumab for Crohn's disease, emphasizing psoriatic alopecia as a phenomenon associated with these medications.
10 citations
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July 2015 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The authors reported a possible association between the use of etanercept and the development of trichorrhexis nodosa, a hair shaft disorder, in a patient without apparent external causes.
1 citations
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April 2012 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Some medications for inflammation can cause a condition with scalp rashes and hair loss, often linked to Crohn's disease, and may require treatment changes to prevent permanent hair loss.
May 2012 in “CRC Press eBooks” Some patients on anti-TNF drugs experience a type of hair loss called TAIAPA.
April 2012 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Some drugs for inflammation may cause psoriasis-like hair loss.
March 2014 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” TNF-a may not be as involved in certain types of hair loss as previously thought.
14 citations
,
March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that serum MIF levels were significantly higher in patients with extensive alopecia areata compared to those with mild alopecia areata and healthy individuals.
3 citations
,
July 2015 in “European Journal of Dermatology” This abstract discusses the role of advanced glycation end-products in aging-related skin damage, but does not provide new findings on their impact on alopecia.
5 citations
,
September 2024 in “Biomolecules and Biomedicine” This study found that total glucosides of paeony (TGP) reduced hair loss and inflammation in alopecia areata mice by inhibiting cellular pyroptosis.
37 citations
,
September 2018 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” This study found that finasteride treatment in male rats led to enduring effects on depressive-like behavior, hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota composition after withdrawal.