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This review discusses the impact of testosterone therapy on postmenopausal women's sexual function and well-being but notes a lack of long-term safety studies and debates on defining androgen insufficiency.

This meta-analysis confirmed associations between some androgenic and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS, suggesting that these measurements might help predict metabolic risk in this population.

This study highlights that lower testosterone in men and higher testosterone in women are linked to increased risks of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, with associated skin diseases indicating potential cardiovascular complications.

This review examines the development of cardiovascular risk factors related to testosterone levels in PCOS women and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the effects of testosterone therapy for transgender men, noting desired outcomes and potential risks, but reports no new research findings; the authors highlight a lack of high-quality data due to various study limitations.

This study found that medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment in women with PCOS reduced hyperandrogenism-related hormonal levels and improved skin conditions without affecting lipid or carbohydrate metabolism.

This research studied the effect of local testosterone propionate applications on rabbit epidermal mitotic activity but reports no new results.

In this study, men taking 1 mg/day of finasteride for 12 months showed minor metabolic changes and slight improvements in glucose metabolism.

Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.

This study found significant associations between polycystic ovary syndrome and increased serum levels of reproductive hormones, as well as connections to infertility, hirsutism, and metabolic syndrome in Yemeni women.

This article reviews the problem of acne and hirsutism in women, highlighting the effectiveness of combined oral contraceptives containing drospirenone and levomefolate calcium in managing these conditions and polycystic ovary syndrome, but no new clinical results are reported.

This review summarizes the latest evidence on testosterone, detailing its clinical indications, diagnostic tests, and impacts on various male organs, while also noting its association with aging, metabolic disorders, and increased mortality risk due to androgen deficiency.

This study found that the total testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio is significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and is associated with a worse metabolic profile in both PCOS and healthy women.

This study reports that subcutaneous testosterone pellets in peri- and postmenopausal women provided sustained hormone release and potential benefits for sexual function, but raised concerns about safety, variability, and dosing inconsistencies.

This study found that metabolic syndrome is more common in individuals with androgenic alopecia compared to those without, and that free androgen index could help identify those with the syndrome.

In this study, researchers identified two potential urinary biomarkers, testosterone–glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, along with four candidate biomarkers, to help understand and diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome.

This study suggests that pediatric androgenetic alopecia is often associated with metabolic syndrome risk factors, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis for potential future health complications.

In this study of women with PCOS, hirsutism strongly correlated with metabolic abnormalities, while acne and androgenic alopecia were not clear markers of biochemical hyperandrogenemia or metabolic dysfunction.

This study suggests that polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms are uncommon among women with metabolic syndrome, indicating it may represent only a specific subset within the broader context of metabolic syndrome.

In this study on rats, rutin showed dose-dependent improvements in hormonal, antioxidant, and lipid profiles related to polycystic ovary syndrome, with effects comparable to metformin.

This research observed that among young men with androgenic alopecia, there was a significant association with metabolic syndrome compared to healthy controls, suggesting AGA as a potential early marker for metabolic risk.

This study found that combined Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol therapy improved metabolic and hormonal parameters, including weight, hormone levels, and skin conditions, in women with PCOS after 6 months.

This study reports that in women with non-tumor hyperandrogenism, a decrease in serum testosterone from insulin-sensitizing therapy like metformin may indicate a low likelihood of having an androgen-secreting tumor.

This study found that men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia and certain risk factors may have worse gonadal steroidogenesis and an increased likelihood of developing gonadal dysfunction, suggesting a male equivalent of polycystic ovarian syndrome.

In this study, metabolic syndrome was common among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, with a significant association with higher BMI and prevalent dyslipidemia.

This case report discusses a postmenopausal woman whose hyperandrogenism and metabolic symptoms improved significantly after the surgical removal of an ovarian Leydig cell tumor, confirmed post-operatively.

This study found that curcumin lowered fasting blood sugar levels and improved menstruation characteristics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but it did not affect other metabolic, hormonal, or hirsutism indices.

This case report describes a postmenopausal woman with virilization linked to ovarian stromal hyperthecosis, highlighting the importance of detailed clinical evaluation and complementary testing for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

In this study, women with suspected PCOS who reduced their intake of sweets, fatty red meat, and alcohol for over 6 months showed significantly lower total testosterone levels compared to those who did not, highlighting the benefit of targeted dietary changes on hormonal profiles.

This study developed a dissolvable microneedle system delivering specific molecules to remodel lymphatic networks and normalize metabolic processes, which accelerated hair growth and activated hair follicle stem cells in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia.