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    Glossary Terminal Differentiation

    cell's final development into a specialized, non-dividing state

    Terminal differentiation is the process by which a cell undergoes its final stage of development, becoming a specialized cell type with a specific function, such as a skin cell or a neuron. Once a cell has terminally differentiated, it typically loses the ability to divide and produce new cells, focusing instead on performing its specialized role. This process is crucial for the proper functioning of tissues and organs in the body.

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    1. Association of basonuclin with ability of keratinocytes to multiply and with absence of terminal differentiation. The Journal of Cell Biology · 1994 · 104 citations
    2. Hair growth induction by the tellurium immunomodulator AS101: association with delayed terminal differentiation of follicular keratinocytes and ras‐dependent up‐regulation of KGF expression The FASEB Journal · 2003 · 51 citations
    3. Localization of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 2 (PAI-2) in Hair and Nail: Implications for Terminal Differentiation 1998 · 42 citations
    4. Characterisation of cell cycle arrest and terminal differentiation in a maximally proliferative human epithelial tissue: Lessons from the human hair follicle matrix European Journal of Cell Biology · 2017 · 30 citations
    5. A function for Rac1 in the terminal differentiation and pigmentation of hair Journal of cell science · 2012 · 11 citations
    6. A function for Rac1 in the terminal differentiation and pigmentation of hair Development · 2012
    7. Colocalization of Cystatin M/E and its Target Proteases Suggests a Role in Terminal Differentiation of Human Hair Follicle and Nail 2008 · 22 citations
    8. FOXN1 Is Critical for Onycholemmal Terminal Differentiation in Nude (Foxn1nu) Mice 2004 · 58 citations
    9. The role of cathepsin E in terminal differentiation of keratinocytes Biological Chemistry · 2011 · 15 citations
    10. Autophagy-Mediated Cellular Remodeling during Terminal Differentiation of Keratinocytes in the Epidermis and Skin Appendages Cells · 2024 · 7 citations
    11. 591 Chromatin architectural protein CTCF regulates terminal keratinocyte differentiation in the developing epidermis and hair follicles 2021
    12. Chapter 3 Expression and Modification of Keratins During Terminal Differentiation of Mammalian Epidermis 1987 · 81 citations
    13. The post-terminal differentiation fate of RNAs revealed by next-generation sequencing eScholarship (California Digital Library) · 2012
    14. Novel Type I Hair Keratins K39 and K40 Are the Last to be Expressed in Differentiation of the Hair: Completion of the Human Hair Keratin Catalog Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2007 · 70 citations
    15. The Nude Mutant Gene Foxn1 Is a HOXC13 Regulatory Target during Hair Follicle and Nail Differentiation 2010 · 68 citations
    16. Characterization of Mouse Profilaggrin: Evidence for Nuclear Engulfment and Translocation of the Profilaggrin B-Domain during Epidermal Differentiation 2002 · 25 citations
    17. Nevus comedonicus with lesional growth of terminal hair: An unusual case The Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    18. Author response: A counter gradient of Activin A and follistatin instructs the timing of hair cell differentiation in the murine cochlea 2019
    19. N-terminal functional domain of Gasdermin A3 regulates mitochondrial homeostasis via mitochondrial targeting Journal of biomedical science · 2015 · 76 citations
    20. Differentiation of frontal fibrosing alopecia and Lichen planopilaris on trichoscopy: A comprehensive review Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · 2021 · 3 citations
    21. Supplementary Material for: Utility of Horizontal Sections of Scalp Biopsies in Differentiating between Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata Figshare · 2018
    22. Perifollicular fibrosis and inflammation in androgenetic alopecia and seborrheic dermatitis: diagnostic challenges in differentiation from fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia · 2026
    23. Apoptosis in human skin development: Morphogenesis, periderm, and stem cells Developmental dynamics · 1994 · 253 citations
    24. Epithelial Skin Biology Current Topics in Developmental Biology · 2016 · 118 citations
    25. In Vitro Assembly and Structure of Trichocyte Keratin Intermediate Filaments 2000 · 91 citations
    26. A Novel Epithelial Keratin, hK6irs1, is Expressed Differentially in All Layers of the Inner Root Sheath, Including Specialized Huxley Cells (Flügelzellen) of the Human Hair Follicle Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2002 · 86 citations
    27. The Process of Cornification Evolved From the Initial Keratinization in the Epidermis and Epidermal Derivatives of Vertebrates: A New Synthesis and the Case of Sauropsids International review of cell and molecular biology · 2016 · 73 citations
    28. Peptidylarginine Deiminase Isoforms Are Differentially Expressed in the Anagen Hair Follicles and Other Human Skin Appendages Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2005 · 71 citations
    29. Gene Expression of Mouse S100A3, a Cysteine-Rich Calcium-Binding Protein, in Developing Hair Follicle 1998 · 40 citations
    30. Two Mechanisms Regulate Keratin K15 Expression In Keratinocytes: Role of PKC/AP-1 and FOXM1 Mediated Signalling PloS one · 2012 · 35 citations