767 citations,
September 2016 in “Human Reproduction” Polycystic ovary syndrome affects about 6-10% of women, with varying symptoms and the need for standardized global definitions.
658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
451 citations,
March 2005 in “Endocrine Reviews” The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.
151 citations,
December 2004 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.
150 citations,
October 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have a higher risk of diabetes and heart problems, especially when they get older.
121 citations,
June 2010 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Most people on isotretinoin had chapped lips, but only a few stopped the medicine due to side effects.
91 citations,
April 2017 in “Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews” Eating fewer calories, less sugar and refined carbs, and more low-glycemic and omega-3 rich foods can help manage PCOS symptoms.
75 citations,
March 1999 in “Fertility and sterility” Finasteride, CPA, and flutamide are all equally effective in reducing excessive hair growth in women.
69 citations,
February 1983 in “Gut” Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.
59 citations,
February 2021 in “BMJ” High doses of cyproterone acetate increase the risk of brain tumors in women, but the risk decreases after stopping the medication.
58 citations,
December 2018 in “Nature Communications” Male pattern baldness is mostly inherited, involves many genes, and is linked to other traits like early puberty and strong bones.
58 citations,
October 1993 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Minoxidil helps hair growth and reduces shedding in women.
53 citations,
June 2012 in “Annales d'Endocrinologie” The document concludes that recognizing and properly diagnosing lipodystrophy syndromes is crucial for effective management and treatment.
49 citations,
July 2004 in “Anesthesiology” The document concludes that more research is needed to understand how to treat muscle pain with drugs.
47 citations,
March 2004 in “European journal of endocrinology” Spironolactone plus finasteride reduces hirsutism more effectively.
36 citations,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
34 citations,
April 2009 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Some treatments work for common baldness, but there's less evidence for other hair loss types, and more research is needed.
30 citations,
April 1997 in “European journal of endocrinology” The document concludes that managing hirsutism involves identifying the cause, using a scoring system for severity, combining cosmetic and medical treatments, encouraging weight loss, and providing psychological support, while noting the need for more research on drug treatments.
29 citations,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.
29 citations,
January 2009 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain blood clotting factors, suggesting a greater risk of cardiovascular issues.
28 citations,
May 2015 in “Addiction Biology” Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.
27 citations,
April 2013 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.
22 citations,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.
20 citations,
March 1990 in “JAMA” Topical eye β-blockers may cause hair loss.
16 citations,
September 2015 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” The document concludes that "Dictamnus" has a rich cultural history and potential as a herbal medicine, warranting more research into its effects and safety.
16 citations,
January 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogen drugs can reduce PSA levels in women with excess hair, suggesting PSA is a sign of male hormone activity in women.
14 citations,
December 2017 in “Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher risk of certain fractures.
13 citations,
June 2006 in “Pituitary” A woman with acromegaloidism and normal growth hormone levels had a rare X-Tetrasomy, suggesting a need to study X-chromosome genes for their role in growth and facial development.
11 citations,
December 1987 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” The document concludes that the hCG protocol may help in obesity treatment and could be scientifically justified, but more research is needed.
9 citations,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.