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Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Photobiomodulation therapy using red and near-infrared light can reduce inflammation and aid in healing various conditions.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

The modified Ferriman-Gallwey method is a useful tool for diagnosing hirsutism.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Manage vitiligo with treatments, address emotions, and use camouflage techniques.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

Dermatoscopy is useful for identifying different hair and scalp conditions and can reduce the need for biopsies.

Ectodin integrates BMP, SHH, and FGF signals in developing ectodermal organs.

BAY 43-9006 helps control kidney cancer growth but doesn't significantly increase overall survival.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Sorafenib is effective in treating Desmoid Tumor/Deep Fibromatosis.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Hair loss in men is common, treatable, but not curable.

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat primary cicatricial alopecias, and suggests a possible reclassification based on molecular pathways.

Use minoxidil for hair loss treatment; assess results after 6 months.

K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.

Telogen effluvium is a common type of hair loss that can resolve on its own or become chronic, with treatment depending on early diagnosis.

Protoporphyrin IX is useful in cancer treatment but can cause health problems if not properly regulated.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

The document recommends using both clinical evaluation and various measurement methods to assess skin greasiness, considering factors like temperature and hormones.

Silver nanoparticles coated with substances like PEG showed strong antibacterial effects and improved wound healing when used in hydrogels.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Aromatherapy with certain essential oils is a safe and effective treatment for hair growth in alopecia areata patients.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.