4 citations
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October 2017 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” This study found that hair tonics with 5% and 10% licorice extract promoted hair growth in rabbits similarly to 2% minoxidil and were generally safe, although they caused mild eye irritation at the 2.5% concentration.
June 2023 in “MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana)” This systematic literature review identified kale leaf hair tonic (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) at 5% concentration as an effective herbal cosmeceutical preparation for enhancing hair growth, showing an average increase in hair length over 21 days, while meeting established pharmaceutical standards.
1 citations
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May 2023 in “Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal)” This study explored the traditional use of 18 plant-based remedies by the Amarasi people in Indonesia for treating dandruff and hair loss, detailing plant types, parts used, and processing methods, highlighting their potential as anti-dandruff and anti-baldness treatments.
December 2023 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” This study found that 12.5% moringa seed oil demonstrated optimal anti-alopecia activity in rabbits, significantly improving hair weight compared to the treatment with 0.1% finasteride.
October 2023 in “Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)” This study explored the ethnopharmacological use of traditional plants by the Amarasi community in Indonesia for treating dandruff and hair loss, identifying 18 plants with potential anti-dandruff and hair-nourishing properties used by local healers for scalp care.
October 2023 in “Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia” In this experimental study using rabbits, the researchers evaluated hair tonic formulations containing cinnamon essential oil and virgin coconut oil, finding that formula 3 had hair growth activity exceeding the positive control, though overall growth activity differences were not statistically significant.
April 2025 in “Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi Indonesia” This study found that a nanostructured lipid carrier gel containing Minoxidil and Finasteride met desired criteria for stability and performance, suggesting it may be an effective topical treatment for hair loss, especially in extreme conditions.
March 2023 in “Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento” In this study, herbal hair tonic made from Usada Bali ingredients significantly increased hair growth in mice without causing skin irritation compared to a negative control.
August 2026 in “Pharmacy Reports” This study found that a nanoemulsion hair spray formula with 25% PEG 400 showed promising physicochemical stability, but further research is needed to assess its colloidal stability and efficacy in hair growth.
This study evaluated formulations of a nanoemulsion with mangkokan leaves extract and candlenut oil, predicting its effectiveness for enhancing hair growth in male Sprague Dawley rats, with nanoemulsions showing assumed stable physical characteristics after two weeks.
1 citations
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August 2019 In this study, a hair tonic formulation with 25% ethanol extract of mangkokan leaves showed effectiveness in promoting hair growth, as measured by significant differences in hair length and weight compared to the control.
1 citations
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November 2017 in “JFL : Jurnal Farmasi Lampung” In this study, researchers found that hair tonic formulations containing Nothopanax scutellarium extract enhanced hair growth in male rabbits over 21 days, with the 25% concentration showing comparable effects to a minoxidil-based positive control.
December 2025 in “eTheses of Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University (Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University)” In this laboratory study, the researchers reported that an ethnomedicinal hair growth formula from East Nusa Tenggara, incorporating Kemiri, Kembang sepatu, Beringin, Mangkokan, and Waru, demonstrated significant antioxidant activity and effectively stimulated hair growth, suggesting potential development as a natural cosmeceutical.
July 2018 in “Media Informasi” This study found that a 3:2 combination of pandan leaf and mother-in-law's tongue extracts in hair tonic showed similar hair growth activity as 5% minoxidil after three weeks.
8 citations
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September 2016 in “Asian journal of beauty & cosmetology” In this study, the methanol-ultrasound extract of Dendropanax morbifera leaf showed potential for use in functional cosmetics and hair growth products due to its high antioxidant capacity and effects on growth factor expression without cytotoxicity.
2 citations
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April 2016 in “Pharmaciana” This study found that a combination of 5% green tea leaf extract and 2.5% gotukola extract stimulated hair growth effectively, achieving a growth rate of 2.689 cm in 28 days.
June 2025 in “Mutiara Jurnal Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah” This study observed that using moringa leaf extract in hair tonic reduced hair loss among the sampled students, with the average hair loss decreasing from 118.75 strands to 79.25 strands per day.
2 citations
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October 2023 in “JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA” In this study, researchers formulated a nanosuspension of kenikir leaf extract that meets physical criteria and exhibits cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
1 citations
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April 2017 in “JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA” This study found that the combination of Pandan Wangi leaves and Noni fruit extracts may inhibit fungi commonly associated with dandruff, suggesting potential use in anti-dandruff shampoo formulations.
January 2021 in “The Korea Journal of Herbology” January 2016 in “Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia” In this study, hibiscus leaf extract hair tonic at 10% concentration showed better hair growth promotion activity compared to minoxidil 2% in a rabbit model, although it caused eye irritation.
4 citations
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September 2022 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research” This study found that methanolic leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica L. demonstrates strong thrombolytic and antioxidant activities and shows promise as a source of such agents.
April 2025 in “Jurnal Analis Farmasi” This study evaluated hair tonic formulations containing Ambon banana peel extract and found that the preparation, particularly at an 8% concentration, significantly promoted hair growth compared to other formulations, though it still differed from the control group's effectiveness.
August 2019 in “Pharmacoscript” This study found that a 3:2 combination of pandanus and sansevieria leaf extracts showed the best hair growth activity compared to using each extract alone.
December 2020 in “Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan” In this study, researchers found that cayenne leaf extract significantly enhanced hair length and quantity in mice, with a 10% concentration being the most effective for stimulating growth.
2 citations
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August 2018 in “Journal of pharmacopolium” This study found that a combination extract of pandanus and sansevieria leaves at a 3:2 ratio showed better hair growth activity than either extract alone.
20 citations
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February 2018 in “Cell transplantation” This study found that the water extract of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira leaves enhanced hair growth in vitro and in a mouse model, suggesting potential use for treating hair loss.
August 2019 in “Pharmacoscript” This study found that a combination of pandanus and sansevieria leaf extracts at a 3:2 ratio showed improved hair growth activity compared to individual extracts and controls.
June 2024 in “JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS” In this systematic literature review, researchers reported that Moringa oleifera Lamk. leaf extract may serve as a potential anti-acne agent, demonstrated by its ability to inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria in laboratory settings.
August 2023 in “Skin Research and Technology” In this clinical trial, oral consumption of a persimmon leaf extract-containing complex significantly increased hair density and thickness over 24 weeks compared to a placebo, although improvements in hair gloss were not statistically significant.