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Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

The L457(3.43)R mutation in the human lutropin receptor causes increased activity and hormone insensitivity, leading to precocious puberty.

Primary care is key in managing PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes and medications like birth control and metformin.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.

Lichen planopilaris is a rare, chronic condition causing hair loss, mainly in middle-aged women, and early treatment is important to prevent permanent baldness.

Light microscopy is useful for diagnosing different hair disorders.

Hair transplants help transgender patients look more like their gender identity, with different procedures for trans women and men.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

Male pattern baldness is an unintended side effect of the body's use of androgens for muscle growth, especially in those genetically prone to it.

Dermatoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosing hair disorders and can help choose samples for more detailed analysis.

More people are searching for hair transplants online, preferring Follicular Unit Excision over Follicular Unit Transplant. There's also a rise in female patients and interest in beard, eyebrow transplants, and non-surgical treatments like platelet rich plasma.

Keratosis Pilaris Atrophicans causes skin scarring and might be treated with a new synthetic retinoid.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.

Clomipramine may significantly reduce hair-pulling in Trichotillomania, but more research is needed on treatments and early onset cases.

Cooling the scalp may prevent hair loss from chemotherapy, hair often grows back after treatment, and nail issues usually improve after stopping the drug.

Trichotillomania is a challenging-to-treat impulse-control disorder where individuals pull out their hair, more common in females, with some treatments showing benefits.

Some vitamins and minerals like vitamin D and iron can help with certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed for others.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

The document concludes that careful history and physical exams are crucial for accurately diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome and distinguishing it from other similar conditions.

Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.

Some anticonvulsant drugs can cause skin reactions, ranging from mild to severe, and managing these reactions is important for patient care.

Follicular unit extraction (FUE) causes less postoperative pain than follicular unit transplantation (FUT), but pain from both methods decreases significantly within two days.

Trichoscopy is a quick and easy way to diagnose most genetic hair problems without invasive methods.

Hair analysis is better than urine and blood for detecting past drug use.

The herbal hair oil with natural extracts can improve hair health and reduce dandruff.

Chemotherapy patients don't all lose their hair due to factors like hair growth rates, age, genetics, and the type of drugs used.

Tretinoin alone is more effective than combined with microdermabrasion for long-term alopecia areata treatment.