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    Glossary Inner Root Sheath

    layer of cells supporting and shaping the growing hair shaft

    The Inner Root Sheath (IRS) is a layer of cells that surrounds and supports the growing hair shaft within the hair follicle. It plays a crucial role in shaping the hair and guiding it as it emerges from the scalp. The IRS is composed of three distinct layers: Henle's layer, Huxley's layer, and the cuticle of the inner root sheath, each contributing to the structural integrity and function of the hair follicle.

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    1. Premature Desquamation of the Inner Root Sheath in Noninflamed Hair Follicles as a Specific Marker for Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia The American Journal of Dermatopathology · 2018 · 6 citations
    2. Four murine monoclonal antibodies specific for the inner root sheath in the human hair follicle 1989 · 1 citations
    3. 889 Trpv3 gain-of-function mutation impairs differentiation of hair follicle inner root sheath 2019
    4. Vesicle Formation and Follicular Root Sheath Separation in Mice Homozygous for Deleterious Alleles at the Balding (bal) Locus 1997 · 38 citations
    5. Keratin K6irs is specific to the inner root sheath of hair follicles in mice and humans British Journal of Dermatology · 2001 · 38 citations
    6. LB1019 The early region of trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus drives proliferation, altered differentiation, and ectopic expression of hair follicle differentiation markers in interfollicular tail epidermis 2022
    7. Cytokeratins as Markers of Follicular Differentiation American Journal of Dermatopathology · 2001 · 121 citations
    8. LGR5 is a conserved marker of hair follicle stem cells in multiple species and is present early and throughout follicle morphogenesis Scientific Reports · 2022 · 8 citations
    9. The cDNA-deduced amino acid sequence for trichohyalin, a differentiation marker in the hair follicle, contains a 23 amino acid repeat. 1990 · 39 citations
    10. K6irs1, K6irs2, K6irs3, and K6irs4 Represent the Inner-Root-Sheath-Specific Type II Epithelial Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle1 Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2003 · 130 citations
    11. Heparanase 1: a key participant of inner root sheath differentiation program and hair follicle homeostasis Experimental Dermatology · 2008 · 22 citations
    12. Progenitor cells expressing nestin, a neural crest stem cell marker, differentiate into outer root sheath keratinocytes Veterinary Dermatology · 2019 · 12 citations
    13. Self-assembled complete hair follicle organoids by coculture of neonatal mouse epidermal cells and dermal cells in Matrigel Annals of translational medicine · 2022 · 4 citations
    14. Stress-sensing in the human greying hair follicle: Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) depletion in hair bulb melanocytes in canities-prone scalp Scientific reports · 2020 · 14 citations
    15. Stem cell markers (cytokeratin 15, CD34 and nestin) in primary scarring and nonscarring alopecia British Journal of Dermatology · 2009 · 54 citations
    16. Global gene expression and comparison between multiple populations in the mouse epidermis Stem Cell Research · 2016 · 11 citations
    17. Involucrin, but not filaggrin and Kdap mRNA, expression is downregulated in 3-D cultures of intact rat hair bulbs after calcium stimulation Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica · 2011 · 3 citations
    18. Activation of the OVOL1-OVOL2 axis in the hair bulb and in pilomatricoma and pilomatrix carcinoma Journal of dermatological science · 2016
    19. Hopx expression defines a subset of multipotent hair follicle stem cells and a progenitor population primed to give rise to K6+ niche cells Development · 2013 · 74 citations
    20. Transforming growth factor-alpha immunoreactivity during induced hair follicle growth cycles in sheep and ferrets. 1996 · 6 citations
    21. 011 Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA) Under the Scope: Histological Similarities between CCCA and Lichen Planopilaris 2017
    22. Keratin Expression Provides Novel Insight into the Morphogenesis and Function of the Companion Layer in Hair Follicles Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2006 · 38 citations
    23. Acidic and basic hair/nail ("hard") keratins: their colocalization in upper cortical and cuticle cells of the human hair follicle and their relationship to "soft" keratins. 1986 · 356 citations
    24. CD10 and CD34 in fetal and adult human hair follicles: dynamic changes in their immunohistochemical expression during embryogenesis and hair cycling British Journal of Dermatology · 2008 · 25 citations
    25. Hair follicle regeneration from human pluripotent stem cells Journal of clinical & experimental dermatology research · 2017
    26. ILK modulates epithelial polarity and matrix formation in hair follicles Molecular biology of the cell · 2013 · 22 citations
    27. Hair-raising Mysteries of the Inner Root Sheath: Unearthing Treasures in Bald Spots 2025
    28. Defining and targeting differentiation of non-melanoma skin cancer 2014
    29. Cytochemistry of Trichohyalin Granules: A Possible Role for Cornification of Inner Root Sheath Cell in the Hair Follicle The Journal of Dermatology · 1989 · 4 citations
    30. Study on the expression patterns of inner root sheath-specific genes in Tan sheep hair follicle during different developmental stages Gene · 2024