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    Glossary Inner Root Sheath

    layer of cells supporting and shaping the growing hair shaft

    The Inner Root Sheath (IRS) is a layer of cells that surrounds and supports the growing hair shaft within the hair follicle. It plays a crucial role in shaping the hair and guiding it as it emerges from the scalp. The IRS is composed of three distinct layers: Henle's layer, Huxley's layer, and the cuticle of the inner root sheath, each contributing to the structural integrity and function of the hair follicle.

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    1. K6irs1, K6irs2, K6irs3, and K6irs4 Represent the Inner-Root-Sheath-Specific Type II Epithelial Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle1 Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2003 · 130 citations
    2. K25 (K25irs1), K26 (K25irs2), K27 (K25irs3), and K28 (K25irs4) Represent the Type I Inner Root Sheath Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2006 · 93 citations
    3. A Novel Epithelial Keratin, hK6irs1, is Expressed Differentially in All Layers of the Inner Root Sheath, Including Specialized Huxley Cells (Flügelzellen) of the Human Hair Follicle Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2002 · 86 citations
    4. Keratins 1 and 10 or homologues as regular constituents of inner root sheath and cuticle cells in the human hair follicle. PubMed · 1990 · 44 citations
    5. Functional analysis of keratin components in the mouse hair follicle inner root sheath British Journal of Dermatology · 2004 · 23 citations
    6. Pili Trianguli et Canaliculi Is a Defect of Inner Root Sheath Keratinization 2005 · 8 citations
    7. Keratin K6irs is specific to the inner root sheath of hair follicles in mice and humans British Journal of Dermatology · 2001 · 38 citations
    8. Synthesis of porcine pCLCA2 protein during late differentiation of keratinocytes of epidermis and hair follicle inner root sheath 2012 · 13 citations
    9. Immunolocalization of junctional proteins in human hairs indicates that the membrane complex stabilizes the inner root sheath while desmosomes contact the companion layer through specific keratins Acta Histochemica · 2013 · 12 citations
    10. Keratinization of outer root sheath cells is prevented by contact with inner root sheath of rat hair follicles Archives of Dermatological Research · 2008 · 9 citations
    11. A Unique Type I Keratin Intermediate Filament Gene Family is Abundantly Expressed in the Inner Root Sheaths of Sheep and Human Hair Follicles Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2001 · 41 citations
    12. Outer root sheath keratinization in anagen and catagen of the mammalian hair follicle. A seventh distinct type of keratinization in the hair follicle: trichilemmal keratinization. PubMed · 1981 · 59 citations
    13. 889 Trpv3 gain-of-function mutation impairs differentiation of hair follicle inner root sheath 2019
    14. Abnormal inner root sheath of the hair follicle in the loose anagen hair syndrome: An ultrastructural study Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2010 · 31 citations
    15. Hairless Plays a Role in Formation of Inner Root Sheath via Regulation of Dlx3 Gene 2012 · 17 citations
    16. Fine structure and immunocytochemistry of monotreme hairs, with emphasis on the inner root sheath and trichohyalin‐based cornification during hair evolution Journal of morphology · 2004 · 15 citations
    17. Fine structure of marsupial hairs, with emphasis on trichohyalin and the structure of the inner root sheath Journal of morphology · 2004 · 8 citations
    18. Ultrastructural immunolocalization of involucrin in the medulla and inner root sheath of the human hair Annals of anatomy · 2011 · 7 citations
    19. Cytochemistry of Trichohyalin Granules: A Possible Role for Cornification of Inner Root Sheath Cell in the Hair Follicle The Journal of Dermatology · 1989 · 4 citations
    20. Hair-raising Mysteries of the Inner Root Sheath: Unearthing Treasures in Bald Spots 2025
    21. Study on the expression patterns of inner root sheath-specific genes in Tan sheep hair follicle during different developmental stages Gene · 2024
    22. Vesicle Formation and Follicular Root Sheath Separation in Mice Homozygous for Deleterious Alleles at the Balding (bal) Locus 1997 · 38 citations
    23. A novel monoclonal antibody to the outer root sheath cells Journal of Dermatological Science · 1994 · 3 citations
    24. 764 DNA dioxygenases Tet1/2/3 control hair matrix keratinocyte differentiation and hair shaft shape via regulation of hair keratin gene expression 2020
    25. The role of keratin proteins and their genes in the growth, structure and properties of hair Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · 1997 · 228 citations
    26. Hair follicle-specific keratins and their diseases Experimental cell research · 2007 · 138 citations
    27. Hair follicle differentiation: expression, structure and evolutionary conservation of the hair type II keratin intermediate filament gene family Development · 1992 · 65 citations
    28. Histopathological Analysis on keratin2-6 g Expression in Hair Mutant Mouse Hague Proceedings of The Japanese Society of Animal Models for Human Diseases · 2002
    29. The New Keratin Nomenclature Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2006 · 14 citations
    30. The Study on Biological Function of Keratin 26, a Novel Member of Liaoning Cashmere Goat Keratin Gene Family PloS one · 2016 · 14 citations