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GlossaryImmune Proteins

molecules that help identify and neutralize foreign invaders

Immune proteins are molecules produced by the immune system to help identify and neutralize foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Examples include antibodies, which specifically target and bind to antigens, and cytokines, which are signaling proteins that help regulate the immune response. These proteins play a crucial role in maintaining the body's defense mechanisms.

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research MHC Class I-Like MILL Molecules Are β2-Microglobulin-Associated, GPI-Anchored Glycoproteins That Do Not Require TAP for Cell Surface Expression

16 citations, September 2006 in “The Journal of Immunology”

MILL molecules are unique immune proteins in mice that don't need TAP to appear on cell surfaces.

research Inflammasome Proteins as Biomarkers of Injury and Disease

January 2014 in “Springer eBooks”

Inflammasome proteins can indicate the severity and treatment response of various diseases and injuries.

research Differential Proteomics of Lesional vs. Non-Lesional Biopsies Revealed Non-Immune Mechanisms of Alopecia Areata

19 citations, January 2018 in “Scientific Reports”

Non-immune factors play a significant role in alopecia areata.

research An Animal Model of Trichloroethylene-Induced Skin Sensitization in BALB/c Mice

36 citations, June 2015 in “International journal of toxicology”

Trichloroethylene causes skin inflammation in mice by increasing certain immune proteins.

research Correlation of Immunological Variables of Interleukin-17 and Heat Shock Protein-70 in Ethnic Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

October 2024 in “South Eastern European Journal of Public Health”

A 3-month treatment improved PCOS symptoms and reduced certain immune proteins.

research Dermal White Adipose Tissue: A Newly Recognized Layer of Skin Innate Defense

49 citations, March 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Skin fat plays a key role in immune defense and healing beyond just storing energy.

research Erythematous Cutaneous Nodules Caused by Adulterated Cocaine

5 citations, September 1989 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Talc in street cocaine can cause immune-reactive skin nodules where injected.

research Transcriptome Profiling of Pilosebaceous Units in Male Androgenetic Alopecia Reveals Altered Junctional Networks

February 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Hair loss in male pattern baldness is linked to changes in specific genes and proteins that affect hair growth and scalp health.

research Antigen Presenting Cells in the Skin of a Patient with Hair Loss and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

9 citations, September 2009 in “PubMed”

Antigen presenting cells around hair follicles are crucial in SLE-related hair loss.

research Perforin Expression by Cutaneous Gamma Delta T Cells

13 citations, August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Gamma delta T cells in the skin help with healing and defense but can also cause autoimmune issues, and more research is needed to understand how they are activated.

research New-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Beginning as Class V Lupus Nephritis After COVID-19 Vaccination

52 citations, September 2021 in “Kidney International”

COVID-19 vaccination may trigger lupus in some people.

research Translation-Dependent Skin Hyperplasia Promoted by Type 1/17 Inflammation in Psoriasis

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Type 1/17 inflammation in psoriasis increases skin cell growth due to a molecule that could be a new treatment target.

research Dietary Grape Powder Inhibits Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice

April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Eating grape powder may reduce the severity of skin allergy symptoms.

research Treatments for Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata

72 citations, January 2001 in “Drugs”

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss; more research needed for other options.

research Pathology of Mouse Models of Accelerated Aging

81 citations, February 2016 in “Veterinary pathology”

Progeroid mouse models show signs of early aging similar to humans, helping us understand aging better.

research Analysis of Finasteride Treatment and Its Withdrawal in Rat Hypothalamus and Hippocampus at Whole-Transcriptome Level

March 2024 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation”

Finasteride treatment in rats changed the expression of genes related to psychiatric and neurological functions, and these changes persisted after stopping the drug.

research Proinflammatory Cytokines Regulate Epidermal Stem Cells in Wound Epithelialization

65 citations, June 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

Certain immune system proteins are important for skin healing but can cause problems if there are too many of them.

research Inheritance-Specific Dysregulation of Th1 and Th17-Associated Cytokines in Alopecia Areata

1 citations, August 2023 in “Biomolecules”

Certain immune-related proteins are higher in people with alopecia and their healthy relatives, hinting at a genetic link.

research Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Upregulates NKG2D Ligands in the Hair Follicle

April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Stress in hair follicle cells increases certain immune-related proteins, which might contribute to hair loss conditions.

research CYLD Cutaneous Syndrome Tumors Demonstrate Increased NF-kB Signaling and Diminished Collagen Organization

July 2023 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

Skin tumors with CYLD cutaneous syndrome show more NF-κB activity and less organized collagen.

research Effect of Conditioned Media Collected from Human Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells on Skin Regeneration and Photo-Aging

9 citations, February 2014 in “Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine”

Conditioned media from human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells helps skin heal and protects against aging from sun exposure.

research Comedonal Lupus: A Case Study of a 60-Year-Old Moroccan Man

7 citations, November 2007 in “Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie”

A man was diagnosed with a rare form of lupus after showing unique skin symptoms that responded well to treatment.

research Investigation of Hub Genes and Immune Infiltration in Androgenetic Alopecia Using Bioinformatics Analysis

November 2022 in “Annals of Translational Medicine”

Immune activities and specific genes are important in male pattern baldness.

research Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Drugs

273 citations, May 2017 in “The Lancet”

Some drugs can cause rare but potentially deadly skin reactions, and early treatment and avoiding the drug again are key.

research Therapeutic Potential of Endogenous Stem Cells and Cellular Factors for Scar-Free Skin Regeneration

9 citations, November 2018 in “Drug Discovery Today”

Using skin stem cells and certain molecules might lead to scar-free skin healing.

research Human Scalp Hair: Modulation by Various Factors and Hormones - Do Estrogens Inhibit or Stimulate? A Perplexing Perspective

3 citations, February 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

The effects of estrogen on human scalp hair growth are unclear and need more research.